Peptic Ulcer

A very painful and very common affliction, a peptic ulcer is an open sore that has erupted within the stomach lining. Also called ulcus pepticum, peptic ulcer disease, and PUD, a peptic ulcer consists of an area within the stomach lining that contains a high amount of acid, creating the painful effect that brings attention to the issue.

It has been a long standing and common belief that these peptic ulcers are caused by diet and stress, yet it has been found that these ulcers are caused by a bacterial infection, Helicobacter pylori, which thrive in the stomach acids. 80% of cases are attributed to this bacterium.

OTC Medicine

Aspirin and NSAID medications can also cause, as well as worsen these ulcers. There are 4% of cases that can be attributed to a malignant tumor, causing the need for multiple biopsies in order to exclude cancer as the cause for the ulcer.

As treatments differ for peptic ulcer disease, the difference depends on the type of ulcer and the aggression by which it is affecting the stomach. Choosing the best treatment option can be either a home remedy or a prescription medication that is discussed with your health care provider. The most serious cases of peptic ulcers require more aggressive measures, which too are best discussed with a professional health care provider.

There are four main classifications of peptic ulcers that are categorized by their location

• Gastric ulcer
• Duodenal ulcer
• Oesophageal ulcer
• Meckel’s Diverticulum ulcer

There are also five types according to the actual ulcers present:

• Type I: peptic ulcer located along curve of stomach
• Type II: one gastric and one duodenal ulcer present
• Type III: Presence of prepyloric ulcer
• Type IV: Presence of proximal gastroesophageal ulcer
• Type V: Ulcer located anywhere

Symptoms

There are several symptoms of a peptic ulcer, all alerting to the issue. The most common symptom is abdominal pain, which is seen to increase or decrease in severity according to mealtimes, based on the classification of the peptic ulcer. When pain subsides after eating, the ulcer is likely duodenal, while gastric ulcers increase in pain with introduction of meals.

There are also several other symptoms including

• Bloating and fullness
• Nausea and vomiting
• Water brash
• Weight loss and loss of appetite
• Vomiting of blood
• Dark and foul feces

When ulcers are left untreated and are constantly exposed to aggravation, there can be several complications. Gastrointestinal bleeding is one of the most common complications that can be fatal if not treated. This is the typical reaction when one of the blood cells has been eroded by the ulcer.

Other complications can also present severe risk and can affect other organs within the body

• Perforation Penetration
• Scarring and swelling
• Pyloric Stenosis

Causes

For many years, ulcers have been thought to be the result of an extra spicy diet, on the job stress, and other similar factors. However, doctors have found that the true culprit of the peptic ulcer is a corkscrew shaped bacterium that is called Helicobacter pylori, or H. pylori.

This is a common bacterium that can be found within the mucous layer that lines and protects the stomach and small intestine. Although it goes through its course without disruption many times, it can sometimes disrupt this mucous layer and cause the lining of the stomach or duodenum to become inflamed, developing the ulcer.

H. pylori are commonly referred to and seen as the usual gastrointestinal infection and are thought to be spread by person to person contact or through food and water.

There are other influences, however, that can also cause these painful peptic ulcers including

• Pain killers, prescription and over-the-counter
• Smoking
• Excessive alcoholism
• Extreme stress

These influences aren’t as strong as H. pylori in causing the peptic ulcers, but can be strong contributors to the development of them due to the increase in aggravation to the stomach lining and acids. Stress can have severe effects in contributing to growth and inhibiting the healing process.

Risk Factors

The average person has a lifetime risk of 10% for actually developing a peptic ulcer. With the bacterium Helicobacter pylori being shown as the main cause for these ulcers, third world countries and areas of the world in which there are poor water and sanitation systems have a higher risk of developing ulcers.

It is also thought this bacterium infection could be transmitted through close contact and swapping of saliva during kissing, making those that are in close contact with someone prone to ulcers to also is at risk.

Smokers and those in high stress environments are also at a higher risk. The risk is also apparent for those taking NSAID medications as well.

Prevention Tips

There are some great tips you should adhere to if you want to prevent peptic ulcers from developing. As the actual cause of these ulcers is a bacterium that is hard to prevent from entering the body, you should take special precaution to avoid upsetting the stomach lining, allowing the bacterium to create an ulcer.

There are three main tips that can prevent peptic ulcer disease, that are very important to follow

Avoid smoking. If you don’t currently smoke, don’t start. If you do smoke, try finding the right way to quite as smokers have a higher risk of getting ulcers than non-smokers.

Avoid NSAIDS. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs including aspirin and ibuprofen are often taken for heart conditions, in which case a medication to prevent the stomach and intestines from irritation should be requested.

Avoid excessive consumption of alcohol. The recommended drink limit for men is 2 and women is 1, meaning that anything more could cause stomach irritation. Drinking alcohol on an empty stomach is highly discouraged as the stomach lining will have no protection from the alcohol’s effects.

Following these tips can provide a safeguard from the factors that have a strong influence on the development of peptic ulcers.

Test and Diagnosis Considerations

Peptic ulcers are quite common and with doctors knowing the true culprit, they are able to be treated most appropriately according to the cause, nature, and aggression of the ulcer. There are several different symptoms which should be monitored as there are some fatal effects of an ulcer such as stomach perforation or penetration that could cause bleeding and further complications such as anemia and even death.

When speaking to a health care professional about symptoms, it is important that the time of common occurrence, such as after meals, as well as the severity and the location where the pain is felt, is critical to the proper diagnosis of the ulcer type and course.

If it is suspected that a peptic ulcer is present, patients will undergo an EGD, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, which is a form of an endoscopy, allowing the physician to see within the stomach and inspect the stomach lining for any disruptions. For diagnosing the presence of H. pylori,

There are several different tests

• Urea breath test-eliminates the need for EGD
• EGD biopsy specimen culture-which is quite expensive
• Rapid urease test for detection of urease activity
• Antibody level measurement through blood test
• Stool antigen test
• EGD biopsy specimen histological exam and stain

Blood tests aren’t as credible as the EGD as it can be difficult for the results to tell between current infection and past exposure. There are certain medications you could have taken that can cause a false negative, allowing the ulcer to continue without appropriate treatment.

Many times, biopsies will be performed to rule out the instance of stomach cancer that could be the cause for the peptic ulcer. There is also a UGI, or upper gastrointestinal series taken, which is an x-ray of the esophagus and stomach, which can be used to distinguish the presence of peptic ulcer disease. Many physicians will also perform various other tests to identify any diseases or illnesses that may be caused by the ulcer.

Treatment Options

There are several different treatment options for peptic ulcer disease, providing relief and healing of the ulcer. These treatments vary between herbal and home remedies, prescriptions, and in the event an ulcer doesn’t respond to treatment, surgery may be required. Each of these treatments present a great relief of the ulcer and better health for the stomach lining and intestines, yet it is imperative that medications are taken as directed in order for them to remain effective.

Peptic ulcers are very debilitating and painful and can cause a decrease in the quality of life as it becomes difficult to enjoy a meal or even go out to eat. The pain can be excruciating and the after effects just as terrible. In some cases, these peptic ulcers can develop into more severe conditions that could cause severe illness and even death.

Proper identification of the ulcer and its cause is important to best be able to combat the condition and treat it properly. Without proper identification, the inappropriate medications could be used, causing unnecessary side effects and an ineffective fight against the ulcer.

Herbal and Home Remedies

There are many great herbal and home remedies suggested for the treatment of an ulcer. It is important to still seek medical advice as there may be underlying infections or illnesses that must be targeted as well. One of the most common suggestions for a home remedy of peptic ulcer disease is to use bananas. These bananas work well to neutralize the effects of the stomach acids in gastric juices. Eating two bananas each day with three to four glasses of milk is recommended for treatment of a peptic ulcer.

Another great home remedy is using almond milk that is made from blanched and blended almonds. This controls any ulcer problems and provides the body with high-quality proteins and is great in combating the excess acids in the stomach.

Fenugreek seed herbal tea is a favorite among peptic ulcer patients, coating the stomach lining avoiding the secretion of excess acids and treating the instance of an ulcer. It is important that if you are smoking, you quit properly treating and relieving the peptic ulcer.

Risks

Use of nonprescription anti-acids will provide great relief and treatment, which can be recommended by your health care provider.

The risk in herbal and home remedies and the side effects as well, are very minimal as they are organic measures that are either effective or not, but won’t cause any other effects or inhibition within the body. The effectiveness at treating peptic ulcer disease of this type of treatment isn’t as great as that with prescription and non-prescription medications, but they are effective at relieving the symptoms and promoting the healing of the ulcers.

The cost of using herbal and home remedies is much lower than other measures as most of them involve the use of a small portion of organic items.

Prescription Drugs

If the peptic ulcer is caused by H. pylori, antibiotics will be combined with either a proton pump inhibitor or a bismuth compound

• Clarithromycin
• Amoxicillin
• Tretracycline
• Metronidazole

If treatment is resisted by the ulcer and more intense means must be used, there are usually combinations of three of these antibiotics together with the proton pump inhibitor. If there is no H. pylori present, proton pump inhibitors will be used in higher doses and for a longer time.

The various antibiotic and acid suppressor or cytoprotective agent medications include

• Amoxil
• Biaxin
• Flagyl
• Helidac
• Prevpac

Each of these medications are prescribed by a physician according to the individual case and the previous occurance of an ulcer or treatment options previously pursued.

There are also acid blockers that will decrease the hydrochloric acid that is released into the digestive tract, reducing pain and speeding healing.

These medications are either provided through a prescription or over-the-counter as well

• Zantac
• Pepcid
• Tagamet
• Axid

Proton Pump Inhibitors are a great way to reduce the stomach acid release by shutting down the “pumps” that are within the acid secreting cells.

These proton pump inhiboitors include various medications such as

• Prilosec
• Prevacid
• Aciphex
• Nexium
• Protonix

Each of these medications should be discussed with a professional health care provider before use and many come with a prescription. There are various side effects when using prescription medications, as some even advise not using with an ulcer.

The side effects can include diarrhea, nausea, headache, and other more serious symptoms that should be watched for and reported if found. If there are side effects that are severe, discontinuing use of the medication may be necessary. The costs of these medications also vary and depend on the insurance and the locations these medications are purchased.

Surgery

There are cases when a peptic ulcer seems to not be affected by these medications and other therapies, requiring more extensive and aggressive measures.

The cause for the resistance to treatment by these ulcers can include many factors including

• Improper use of medications
• Resistant strain of H. pylori
• Smoking
• Excessive drinking
• Continued use of NSAID pain relievers without appropriate stomach protection

There are also some rare causes for the resistance including

• Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
• A different infection from H. pylori
• Stomach cancer
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder

When these factors are causing the most aggressive treatment measures to fail, then surgery is sometimes the only answer for relieving the ulcer and promoting treatment. This is the most expensive measure for treatment and should only be chosen if there are no effects with other treatments and medications.

There is also surgery needed if there is a malignant cancer found which is going to be very costly, but most insurance plans do cover this expense, as well as several agencies that provide assistance.

Stopping the Infection

The most appropriate treatment of a peptic ulcer is necessary to stop the infection and to increase the quality of life of which these patients experience day to day. The feeling of an ulcer each day is very debilitating and painful and could cause a stall in the activity of the patient due to the severe pain.

There are many people around the world that are afflicted by these ulcers of the various types and without proper treatment and management these ulcers can get very severe and cause long term issues and even fatality in the most extreme cases.

With ulcers so common, it is often quickly diagnosed and targeted with the most efficient manner by physicians that encounter these cases quite often. The most minor cases only require an acid blocker or antacid.

Severe Cases

The more severe cases require an antibiotic regimen of two or three combined antibiotics as well as a proton pump inhibitor to appropriately target the cause and appease the symptoms, encouraging the proper healing of the ulcer and the better health of the stomach lining and small intestines. With the stomach being a large portion of the body and a most important component, it is imperative to maintain appropriate care and treatment of any ulcers.

Resources

nlm.nih.gov

Mayoclinic.Com

EmedicineHealth.Com

High Cholesterol

Cholesterol is a fat-like substance that can build up along the walls of one’s arteries, causing atherosclerosis.

If the arteries become blocked or narrowed by excess cholesterol, or plaque, the blood cannot transport the required oxygen to the heart or brain, resulting in heart attack or stroke. Having high cholesterol increases one’s chance of having heart disease.

Understanding Cholesterol

Cholesterol can be broken down into four parts: Total Cholesterol, LDL (bad cholesterol), HDL (good cholesterol), and Triglycerides.

LDL cholesterol is known as bad cholesterol because it is the cause of buildup and blockage of the arteries.

HDL is considered good cholesterol because it aids in lowering cholesterol buildup in the arteries. Triglycerides are a form of fat found in the blood, and if in excess can result in hypertriglyceridemia, which is linked to coronary artery disease.

Understanding one’s cholesterol numbers is important in maintaining a healthy heart. Desirable Total Cholesterol range is below 200 mg/dL ( below 5.2 mmol/L). LDL levels are desirable below 100 mg/dL ( 2.6 mmol/L). Since HDL is the good cholesterol, the numbers should be high. The ideal numbers should be 60 mg/dL (1.5 mmol/L) or higher to lower the risk for heart disease.

A desirable level for Triglycerides should be below 150 mg/dL (below 1.7 mmol/L).

Alternative Names for High Blood Cholesterol

Other names which are used for high blood cholesterol include hypercholesterolemia, which means high blood cholesterol; hyperlipidemia, which means increased levels of lipids; and hyperlipoproteinemia, which is elevated levels of lipoproteins.

Symptoms of High Blood Cholesterol

High blood cholesterol can oftentimes go unnoticed until one has the proper blood testing done to discover it. Certain conditions may occur which may cause one to get tested such as xanthoma (cholesterol patches on the skin), xanthelasma palpabrum (yellow patches around the eyelids), or arcus senilis (white discoloration of the cornea). These are all due to elevated levels in cholesterol.

Cardiovascular diseases such as heart attacks, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease all result from hypercholesterolemia.

Causes

There are many causes for having high cholesterol, with some things being controllable and some not. The causes which can be controlled include diet, weight, and physical activity. Those which cannot be controlled include age, gender, and heredity.

Other contributors may include diabetes mellitus, kidney disease, hypothyroidism, Cushing’s syndrome, anorexia, and lack of sleep.

Risk Factors

Risk factors for high blood cholesterol include high blood pressure and low HDL cholesterol. This can be monitored and treated with medications.

For those with a family history of early heart disease, there should be an awareness of the potential medical condition and the appropriate precautions should be taken.

Age is also a risk factor (men 45 or older and women 55 or older) and tests should be done on a regular basis.
Smoking causes damage to the arteries which enable them to easily accumulate fatty deposits. It also lowers the level of HDL cholesterol. This is a risk factor that can be controlled by quitting smoking.

Being obese, with a body mass index of 30 or higher, also puts one at risk for heart disease. Diet and exercise is extremely important and can be controlled. Diets which contain red meat and fat dairy products; saturated fats, found in animal products; and trans fats, found in items such as cookies, crackers, and cakes, can all lead to high cholesterol levels.

Prevention Tips

Prevention of high blood cholesterol mainly includes a change of lifestyle habits, and this includes diet and exercise.

Diet

Being obese can increase cholesterol and it only makes sense that if one loses weight, the total cholesterol level will come down. This can be done by consuming a healthy diet rich in fiber by eating foods such as oatmeal, oat bran, and other high fiber foods like kidney beans, prunes, apples, barley, and pears. One should avoid trans fats and saturated fats by replacing them with monounsaturated fats. Monounsaturated fat can be found in olive oil, canola oil, and peanut oil.

Eating fish is good for a heart healthy diet because it contains omega-3 fatty acids. These fatty acids can help reduce blood pressure and prevent the risk of blood clots.

The fish with the highest levels of omega-3 fatty acids include mackerel, lake trout, herring, sardines, tuna, salmon, and halibut. It is recommended that one eat two servings of fish a week, preferably baked or grilled. If fish is unavailable, omega-3 fatty acids can be found in ground flaxseed, canola oil, and supplements.

Nut Benefits

Nuts are a good source of polyunsaturated fatty acids. The best ones to eat are almonds, walnuts, hazelnuts, pecans, peanuts, and pistachios. It is recommended to eat only a handful of nuts per day, as they are high in calories, to help reduce the risk of heart disease.

Other Diet Changes

Other changes to the diet can include adding olive oil and foods with added plant sterols or stanols to the diet. Olive oil can lower the LDL and leave the HDL alone because it contains a mix of antioxidants. It is recommended to use about 2 tablespoons of olive oil a day to achieve a healthy heart.

Many foods now have added plant sterols and stanols which can block the absorption of LDL cholesterol without affecting the triglyceride or HDL levels. Such foods include yogurt drinks, orange juice, and margarines.

Exercise

Regular exercise is essential in maintaining a healthy heart. Try working out for at least 30 minutes a day by walking, running, bike riding, or aerobics. Try alternating activities to keep from getting bored or find a partner to work out with. Involve family members by doing physical activities together, thus creating quality family time.

Smoking

Avoid smoking. If one does smoke, quitting can do wonders to increase the HDL levels.

Tests and Diagnosis Considerations

Cholesterol screenings should be checked on an average at least every 5 years for adults. Blood tests are the type of tests performed to determine one’s cholesterol levels. A lipoprotein profile is one such test. This requires a 9-12 hour fast.

This test will report the total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides.
Patients who are already on medication for cholesterol may be tested more frequently to monitor how well the drug is working. This is also the case for those with high risk factors such as cigarette smoking, age of the individual, hypertension, family history of heart disease, those already suffering a heart attack, or those with diabetes mellitus.

Treatment Options

Lifestyle changes such as diet control and exercise are the first treatment options to consider.

If the blood cholesterol still remains high, there are other alternatives to consider, such as herbal remedies or medications.

Herbal and Home Remedies

There are a few natural products and supplements which may help in reducing cholesterol.

Some to consider trying are artichokes, barley, beta-sitosterol, blond psyllium, garlic, oat bran, and sitostanol. One should always let the doctor be aware of the cholesterol-lowering supplements that are being taken.

Barley may reduce the total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. It is recommended to take 3 grams of barley oil extract or 30 grams of barley bran flour a day. There doesn’t seem to be any side effects with taking barley.
Artichoke extract may help in reducing the total cholesterol and LDL. It is recommended to take 1,800 to 1,920 mg a day, divided into 2 or 3 doses. Side effects may include gas or allergic reactions.

Reducing Total Cholesterol

Beta-sitosterol may reduce total cholesterol and LDL. It is recommended to take 800 mg to 6 grams a day, divided and taken before meals, or 2 tablespoons of margarine containing beta-sitosterol a day. Side effects may include nausea, indigestion, gas, diarrhea, or constipation.

Blond psyllium is found in seed husks and Metamucil-type products. This may reduce the total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. It is recommended to take 5 gm seed husk twice a day or 1 serving a day of Metamuci-type products. Side effects may include gas, stomach pain, diarrhea, or constipation.

Fish Products

Fish oil can be found as liquid oil or in oil-filled caplets. It may reduce triglycerides. The side effects include bad breath, fish taste, gas, nausea or diarrhea. It may also react with some blood-thinning medications. It is recommended to take 2 to 5 grams a day.

Ground flaxseed may reduce total triglycerides. It is recommended to take 40-50 grams a day mixed with cereal or yogurt. It may cause gas or diarrhea and may interact with blood-thinning medications.

Garlic & Other Remedies

Garlic extract may reduce total cholesterol, LDL, and triglycerides. It is recommended to take 600 to 1200 mg a day, divided into 3 separate doses. Side effects may include bad breath or body odor, heartburn, gas, or vomiting. It may also interfere with blood-thinning medications.

Oat bran is found in oatmeal and whole oats. It is recommended to take up to 150 grams of whole-oat products daily. It may cause gas or bloating.

Sitostanol is found in oral supplements and some margarines. It may help in reducing total cholesterol and LDL. It is recommended to take 300 mg to 4 g daily or 4 ½ teaspoons of margarine containing sitostanol a day. Side effects may include diarrhea.

Pharmaceutical

Drug treatment for reducing high cholesterol comes in the form of statins, bile acid resins, nicotinic acid, fibric acids, and cholesterol absorption inhibitors. Many doctors prescribe medications to use in addition to diet and exercise.

Statins are the most common medications used to treat cholesterol. They block a substance the liver needs to produce cholesterol and they also help the body absorb cholesterol, thereby decreasing LDL and triglycerides and slightly increasing HDL.

Statin medications include Lipitor (atorvastatin), Lescol (fluvastatin), Altoprev (lovastatin), Mevacor (lovastatin), Pravachol (pravastatin), Crestor (rosuvastatin), and Zocor (simvastatin). Possible side effects include nausea, stomach pain, constipation, diarrhea, muscle soreness, cramps, pain, and weakness.

Bile Acids

Bile-acid-binding resins lower cholesterol by binding to bile acids. This then makes the liver use the excess cholesterol to make more bile acids. This will help in reducing the LDL cholesterol level in the blood.

Medications include Questran (cholestyramine), Welchol (colesevelam), and Colestid (colestipol). Possible side effects include constipation, nausea, bloating, gas, and an increase in triglycerides.

Dietary Cholesterol

Cholesterol absorption inhibitors limit the absorption of dietary cholesterol, reducing the amount of LDL blood cholesterol and triglycerides, and increasing HDL slightly. The small intestine is responsible for absorbing the cholesterol from the diet and releasing in into the blood stream. A drug of this type is Zetia (ezetimibe).Possible side effects from this drug can include stomach pain, muscle soreness, and fatigue.

Combination cholesterol absorption inhibitor and statins decreases LDL and triglycerides and increases HDL. A medication would include one such as Vytorin (ezetimibe/simvastatin). Side effects can include stomach pain, fatigue, constipation, muscle soreness, cramps, gas, and abdominal pain.

Fibrates

Fibrates aid in decreasing triglycerides by reducing the liver production of very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and by increasing the speed of triglyceride removal and increase the HDL. Such medications are known as Lofibra (fenofibrate), TriCor (fenofibrate), and Lopid (gemfibrozil). Possible side effects can include nausea, stomach pain, and gallstones.

Niacin

Niacin decreases triglycerides by limiting the liver’s production ability of LDL and very-low-density cholesterol and increases HDL. This drug can be bought over –the-counter and as a prescription. The prescription form has the least side effects. Medications include Niaspan (prescription niacin) and Slo-Niacin (nonprescription niacin). Possible side effects can include facial and neck flushing, vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, gout, peptic ulcers, and high blood sugar.

Combination statin and niacin drugs decrease LDL and triglycerides while increasing HDL. Medication includes one such as Advicor (niacin/lovastatin). Possible side effects can include facial and neck flushing, dizziness, shortness of breath, sweating, chills, and heart palpitations.

Cholesterol medications may affect each individual differently. They are usually tolerated quite well but the effectiveness can be different which each person. These types of medications can effect one’s liver so it is recommended to have regular liver function tests to monitor the liver.

Resources

cdc.gov

MedicineNet.Com

WebMd.Com

Gingivitis

Gingivitis refers to inflammation of the gums that surround the teeth. The irritation is typically caused by a build-up of plaque on the tooth surfaces along the gum line.

Gingivitis is one periodontal disease. There are many periodontal diseases, with gingivitis being less severe than the others.

Gingivitis is also referred to as periodontal disease, gum disease, acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG), trench mouth and periodontitis.

Periodontitis is a condition that often accompanies gingivitis, occurring when gingivitis is not successfully treated. The tissues supporting the teeth can become damaged and eventually lead to tooth loss. Unchecked gingivitis can also lead to trench mouth, or Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis (ANUG); a potentially life-threatening ailment.

Symptoms

• Swollen, shiny, or bright red gums
• Gums that are receding, exposing more tooth surface
• Mouth sores, or gums that are oozing pus
• Severe bad breath or other foul oral smell
• Gums that are tender, painful, or prone to bleeding
• Pockets along the gums
• A persistent bad taste in the mouth
• Teeth that feel loose or are visibly shifting
• Changes in the way your teeth fit together when you bite down, or shifts in the fit of dentures
• Teeth that appear longer or larger

Causes

The simplest cause of gingivitis is a bacterial infection of the gums. The infection is not contagious, and typically builds slowly over time. Plaque naturally builds on the teeth. Over time, this plaque will be mineralized by minerals that are found in the saliva; it will gradually become calculus, or tartar. This tartar houses bacteria, and as it spreads into the gum line, it can irritate the gums.

As this process continues and the plaque and tartar become thicker, the bacteria are able to thrive. As they flourish, they begin releasing toxins into the gums, further inflaming the soft tissue. Gingivitis typically will not actually develop unless there is some other underlying medical condition or illness that allows it to occur.
Stress plays a role in the development of gingivitis; especially with more severe cases.

Some diseases increase the risk of developing gingivitis, including pregnancy, uncontrolled diabetes and the hormone changes that accompany puberty. The use of birth control pill can also play a role, as can ingestion of heavy metals.

Condition of Teeth

The condition of your teeth and dental work can also play a role. When teeth are not aligned properly, fillings have rough edges or dental work is not property fitted the chances for developing gingivitis increase. These are all places where plaque and tartar can hide and grow.

There are also some medications that can allow the development of gingivitis. These include medications taken for high blood pressure, organ transplants and seizures. Gingivitis can be genetic, and it is also commonly seen in people with poor oral hygiene habits.

Risk factors

When gingivitis is allowed to progress unchecked, bacteria and toxins can use these areas under the gum line to actually enter the bloodstream. Dental challenges, including gingivitis, are thought to be a contributing factor in heart disease.

Other diseases lined to gingivitis include diabetes, arteriosclerosis, osteoporosis, and pancreatic cancer. The microorganisms linked to gum disease are also associated with stroke and heart disease.

When the bacteria experience accelerated growth, the condition can quickly become Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis, or ANUG. Stress, poor nutrition and a compromised immune system all lend to this particular development. People who are suffering from this advanced condition will also have extremely bad breath, the gums will be in a great deal of pain, and the overall deterioration of the gums will continue.

When to Consider a Doctor

If you have been working with your dentist to treat your gingivitis, and it continues to plague you, there may be an underlying illness at play. An appointment should be made with your doctor to diagnose and treat the underlying cause.

Gingivitis is the first step on the road to periodontitis, and eventually tooth loss. However, the progression can be halted with proper treatment and prevention.

As the gingivitis advances, and periodontitis sets in, the inner layer of the gum that surround the teeth can begin to pull away from the teeth. This creates a pocket where debris and tartar can collect, opening the door for infection and further complications. The more the pockets open up, the more the disease advances.

Prevention tips

Plaque is constantly growing on the teeth, but it will typically take about three months for the pathogenic bacteria to begin invading the areas between the gums and teeth.

Regular brushing and flossing can help prevent the infection from taking hold.

Regular visits to the dentist are necessary to prevent infections and gingivitis.

The best dental regimen at home still will not remove all the plaque and tartar.

Make the time to see your dentist at least twice a year for deep cleanings.

Some people have larger pockets between their teeth and gums. Any person with pockets larger than 5 mm is said to have deep periodontal pockets; and should see their dentist every three to four months, rather than the standard two times a year.

Prevention Checklist

Choose toothpaste that has fluoride. They are not any more expensive than the other toothpastes, but can help prevent plaque from taking hold.

Stress impairs your immune system. Find some ways to relieve stress to keep your immune system strong and functional. Eating a well-balanced diet is also essential to a healthy immune system.
Do not clench or grind your teeth as this action can create excessive force on the gums and lend to their weakening.

Brush and floss properly. This means taking the time that is truly needed. It should take you three to five minutes to brush and floss your teeth. Flossing should be done before you brush. This opens up those areas between the teeth so your toothbrush can clean them effectively.

You should also take time to brush along the gum line. Angle the toothbrush towards the gums, and then flatten it out to focus on the teeth. When you are done brushing, your gums should feel like they just a comforting massage. You should also alternate between two toothbrushes so that they each have time to dry out completely.

Electric Toothbrush

Invest in an electric toothbrush. Electric toothbrushes remove 98.2% of plaque compared with a traditional toothbrush that removes less than 50% of plaque.

Test and diagnosis considerations

Your dentist can successfully determine if you have gingivitis. As soon as you see the warning signs, make an appointment for a complete dental examination. Early discovery and treatment of gingivitis can be highly successful, and the damage can often be reversed.

The dentist will make the determination by talking with you about your symptoms, reviewing your medical history and performing an oral exam. Bloodwork, x-rays and tissue samples are typically only checked if the condition fails to improve with treatment. They may also check all the teeth for pockets along the gum line, and record the severity of them. This will help the dentist track how well you are healing with treatment.

Treatment options

Dental Procedures

A dentist can perform scaling or root planning along the gum line to remove the offending plaque. The process will thoroughly remove the plaque biofilm from the teeth. This is much more than a simple cleaning as it will actually go below the gum line to remove the offending bacteria and toxins.

The hygienist will thoroughly removing all tartar, or calculus, by scaling the surface of the tooth. This will leave the tooth rough, and so the planning is done to make the tooth smooth again.

The procedure is often done over several visits, with different sections of the mouth being focused on. It is common for people to require some mild anesthesia during the process.

Fees & Procedures

The fees can be several hundred dollars as this is a time consuming process. However, most insurance companies will pay for root planings. They typically will cover a certain number of root planings ever year or every couple of years.

The treatments are highly effective as they remove the cause of the gingivitis, giving your body time the time it needs to heal. After the teeth are worked on this manner, you can expect an increased sensitivity to hold and cold temperatures. This will improve over time as the gums shrink and close up around the teeth again. There may also be some tenderness to the gums, which will also improve over time.

Antibiotics

Mentronidazole antibiotics can be prescribed for severe cases, such as ANUG. This medication is taken for one week, then a scaling or root planing is performed by a dental hygienist or dentist. This medication can be purchased for less than $25 for 250 tablets, and will help prepare the teeth for the root planing and scaling.

Good Oral Hygiene

Antiseptic mouthwashes can be used to kill the bacteria and germs that are causing inflammation to the gums. These mouthwashes only cost a few dollars. Use them after you have flossed and brushed. They will leave a protective coating in your mouth that will kill bacteria.

Studies have proven that Listerine has the ability to kill these bacteria and keep your mouth healthy. Remember to swish for at least one minute to get the maximum benefit. You can also use a solution of 50% hydrogen peroxide and 50% water as a mouthwash to kill bacteria. This should be used three times per week. With any mouthwash, take care that you do not swallow the wash as this can cause some stomach upset.

Flossing & Brushing Tips

You should floss before you brush. Flossing should be done regularly to remove all food particles, plaque, and tartar from between the teeth and around the gum line. It is so easy to skip this step of your dental hygiene, but if you have gingivitis, it is just as important as brushing.

Go high-tech. Buy a Sonicare toothbrush or other high-end electric toothbrush. The cost can run between $75 and $200, but it is well worth it. They are so much more effective at removing plaque and bacteria that the toothbrush will easily pay for itself in saved dental work. However, any toothbrush is only effective if it is actually used. Make sure you are brushing at least twice a day.

Get a proxa brush A proxa brush is a tiny little brush, much like a bottle brush, that is attached to the end of a stick. They only cost a few dollars and can be found in most drug stores and in the dental care aisle of your favorite store.

They can be used to slip into those hard to reach spots under and around dental work, or between teeth. This tool can help you keep your teeth clean and your mouth healthy.

Your Own Toothpaste

Make a paste. Using baking soda a little water, you can create a soothing and healthy paste. Use you fingers to gently rub it into your gum lines. You can then brush as normal. This will clean the gums, polish your teeth, kill bacteria and deodorize your mouth.

Try an aloe gel. Aloe has the ability to reduce the level of plaque in your mouth. And, because it’s a healing agent, it can also help sooth the gums. Use the gel to gently brush your gums. It can be found at your local pharmacy and is another inexpensive alternative.

Bring the dentist’s tools home. Dental picks are available for purchase at most drug stores. They only cost a few dollars, but can be very useful if you tend to produce a lot of plaque and tartar. If you can look on your teeth and see the tartar, then you can use these tools to remove it at home.

Other Tips

Taking the time to do this can help keep gingivitis at bay, and speed up your next dental appointment slightly. This is not meant to be a substitute for regular dental care. However, used effectively, this can be a good treatment that you can do at home.

Other Daily Habits

Smoking can impair the body’s ability to heal and prevent any treatments from being truly effective. For the best chances at full dental recovery, you should not smoke. You should reduce stress to help your body’s immune system work better.

Massage your gums. You can pinch your gums by putting your index finger on the inside and your thumb on the outside. Massaging them will increase blood flow and make them healthier, and better able to resist gingivitis. Alternatively, you can invest in the high-quality toothbrush and enjoy the gum massage it will give you every time you brush.

Eat more raw vegetables. The fibers in the food can help keep your teeth and your gums clean and in great health.

Now that you know the truth about gingivitis, what it can lead to, how to treat it and how to prevent it, you are ready to take action! You don’t have to live with bleeding, tender gums anymore. You don’t have to worry that you’ll wind up with dentures. With these tips and treatments, as well as the prevention information, you can continue enjoying your natural teeth for many years to come.

Resources

nlm.nih.gov

EverydayHealth.Com

Mayoclinic.Com

What are Hiccups?

Hiccups are a common and non-threatening phenomenon that occurs in almost all human beings at some point in their life, most commonly when they are children.

While irritating, they are not threatening and serve to be little more than an annoyance to most people.

Severe cases may require medicinal treatment or special behavioral therapy to prevent recurrence.

Hiccups are known to be more prevalent in other individuals than others, and may more commonly be triggered in vulnerable persons.

In extreme cases, persistent hiccups may be caused by a neurological disorder, although this is extremely rare.

The inoffensive nature of hiccups, combined with their propensity to go away on their own, has led to a very large number of home remedies.

These remedies tend to be psychosomatic in nature and have no effect, good or bad, on the hiccups themselves. Severe or persistent cases may require the temporary application of drugs.

What are some other names for hiccups?

Hiccups are prevalent throughout all societies, as they are a reflex that occurs in all humans. Every language has its own name for hiccups, as well as many colloquial nicknames and alternative names. In English speaking countries, it is generally known as either a hiccup or a hiccough, the latter being more prevalent in England, Scotland and Australia.

The proper medicinal term for a hiccup is synchronous diaphragmatic flutter, or SDF, which refers to the quick oscillations of the diaphragm. In medical literature, hiccups may also be referred to as “singultus,” which is derived from the Latin word “singult” which was used to refer to the manner by which someone catches their breath while sobbing.

This is the closest Latin term to the phenomenon of hiccups, as the Latins tended to lump large numbers of chest pains and breathing ailments under single terms, thus giving no real equivalent to the term “hiccup” in English.

What are the symptoms of hiccups?

The symptoms of hiccups are widely known and tend to be quite prevalent and easily recognized. In most cases, there is little more than an involuntary contraction of the diaphragm, resulting in compression of the ribs and lungs.

This results in the unique sound of air being flushed from and then sucked into the lungs, which is immediately recognizable. The distinct “hic” sound produced results in the onomatopoeic name in most languages, including English.

In many cases, a visible jolting of the torso occurs, especially in small children. The involuntary and jarring nature of hiccups is very frightening to infants and toddlers, and babies who are suffering from the hiccups may begin to cry until the hiccups are removed.

In many cases, it is easy to observe an infant or small child having hiccups because their body will shake visibly, and they may have a startled or confused look on their face. This can be distinguished from burps or other discharges by the fact that they persistently occur at regular intervals as the diaphragm becomes “caught.”

What causes hiccups?

The exact cause of hiccups is not widely known, largely due to the fact that hiccups appear without warning and disappear without medical intervention. It was originally thought that they were the result of air becoming trapped in certain parts of the lungs or throat, necessitating firm action from the diaphragm in order to force out the air.

It has since been proven that this is not the case and that in fact hiccups are caused by errors within the nervous system which cause undesired contractions of the lungs. Because breathing is so essential, the nervous system that causes it to work is redundant on several levels, as well as established in the spinal column and brain stem so that breathing can occur even in the event of severe head trauma.

Contractions

It is know thought that errors within the signals sent to the diaphragm cause the contractions, although how they get started and why they persist is not known. The regular pulse of nervous signals is known to be the explanation as to why they occur in a very regular fashion, to the point where they can almost be used to delineate time.

The nervous irritation that triggers hiccups is known to often have a physical bases. For most persons, receiving a small irritation in exactly the wrong part of the throat may trigger hiccups, as can swallowing a particularly large piece of food or gulping air or water too aggressively. It is also possible for the stress of certain positions, or the damage resulting from certain kinds of injuries, to also cause hiccups.

Many Causes

The cause of hiccups varies widely from person to person, and when someone is reasonably sure that a specific action causes the hiccups, they should seek to avoid it. Some common causes are known to be poor posture, chewing gum, eating and drinking rapidly, or talking while eating. It is also common for hiccups to be caused by fizzy drinks such as champagne and soda.

Some persons develop the hiccups if they are suffering from an electrolyte imbalance caused by strenuous exercise or heavy heat.

Neurological Problems

In certain rare cases, there is a neurological problem that results in chronic hiccups. Most commonly this is the result of trauma to the brain or spinal column. Such injuries may also increase the likelihood that hiccups occur in a person. In certain rare circumstances, the hiccups may be caused by tumors that apply pressure to certain nerves. In the case of hiccups, these nerves are almost always located in the spine or the brain itself as opposed to the diaphragm.

These circumstances are extremely rare, and no case of the hiccups, even when prolonged, should be taken as a sign that the person has a tumor. However, patients with tumors in the brain or spine should understand that long and unexplained bouts of the hiccups may be one of their symptoms.

What are the risk factors for hiccups?

Every human being on earth is at risk for hiccups and will encounter them multiple times throughout their lives. In general, when they occur, they are unavoidable and occur without any visible cause. Small children, particularly infants, are at most risk of hiccups since their nervous systems are still developing and they are unaware of specific risks and behaviors which may make them more prone to hiccups.

Having poor posture is known to put strain on the back, spine and diaphragm, which increases the likelihood of hiccups. Persons who are obese, especially if they are quite morbidly obese, tend to suffer more attacks of the hiccups more frequently than persons who are nearer their ideal weight do.

As previously mentioned, persons who have tumors located in the brain or spine may also be at risk for more frequent and more powerful bouts of the hiccups, although the presence or absence of hiccups should not be construed as the presence or absence of a brain tumor.

What is the cure for hiccups?

The fact that hiccups appear without warning and usually go away on their own has led to a frequent number of home remedies.

These include

• Placing a sugar cube on or under the tongue.
• Drinking water.
• Taking an antihistamine.
• Taking a single dosage of cough syrup.
• Taking a single cough drop.
• Eating fruit quickly.
• Frightening or startling the person with hiccups.
• Taking deep or measured breaths.

The fact that hiccups often go away on their own has led to a certain degree of reinforcement of these “cures,” however their only effect is psychosomatic. They do not cure hiccups, nor do they lessen the intensity or duration of an attack of the hiccups.

Rather the only purpose they serve is to give the person suffering from hiccups a sense that they are in control of, and fighting against, their affliction. This is not without its merits. Offering sweet cough syrup or sugar to hiccuping infant or small child is an excellent way to calm them down, which often permits the body to cease sending the hiccup signal on its own.

It is advisable to monitor a child when taking some of these remedies, since while drinking water quickly or taking a cough drop they may swallow or choke on it. With very small children, carefully administering sugar water, milk or another beverage often helps. If a child does not appear to be upset or perturbed by their hiccups, it is considered acceptable to leave them alone and allow their hiccups to dissipate.

Home Remedy

The only home remedy that has been shown to be effective in medicinal tests is the consumption of small quantities of vinegar. It is believed that the irritation caused by vinegar causes the body’s system to reset, thus enabling the body to cease hiccuping. It should be noted that this therapy does not work on all patients, and should not be used to excess. The consumption of a few tablespoons of vinegar, or of a liquid containing vinegar such as salad dressing or pickle juice, should be more than sufficient.

More advanced cases of the hiccups, especially those which persist through a night’s sleep and over the course of several days, may require medication. This medication is most frequently some form of powerful sedative with nerve-numbing effects. The goal of medication is to cause the body to fully relax and then reset its signaling pathway for the diaphragm.

Common Drugs

Some of the most common drugs include Haloperidol and chlorpromazine, which are both powerful sedative anti-psychotics. These drugs are exceptionally potent and should not be administered lightly, and their administration should be carefully withdrawn as soon as hiccup symptoms cease to be observed. In extreme cases, the use of baclofen, a powerful anti-spasmodic agent, may be necessary.

The use of any of these drugs will render the user unconscious or lethargic for extended periods, and so the drugs must be administered carefully, slowly and rarely. Long term use of the drugs is extremely dangerous and should not be attempted without medical observation and consultation.

Cancer Side Effects

In certain rare instances, hiccups are caused by tumors or as a side effect of chemotherapy. Such instances are not unusual, but the presence or absence of hiccups should not be considered evidence or absence of a tumor.

There are very few cases in which a person experiences hiccups as a symptom of a brain tumor. However, someone who has a known brain tumor and is subject to incurable and unending hiccups may find that, after the tumor has been suppressed or surgically removed, their hiccups cease.

How can I prevent hiccups?

The best way to prevent hiccups is to have good posture, to chew and swallow food at a steady rate, and to avoid speaking or talking quickly. Maintaining a healthy weight, especially in regards stomach and chest fat, also has a beneficial effect towards preventing the hiccups.

Regular exercise, especially in regards breathing exercises, can also help. Children who have chronic hiccups generally outgrow them as they age, since their hiccups are caused more by their developing body than any sort of physical or psychological disturbance. The best way to prevent hiccups is to live well, which of course has many other benefits.

Resources

EmedicineHealth.Com

MedicineNet.Com

Firstaid.WebMd.Com

Wrinkles

People have been searching for the “Fountain of Youth” since the 16th century. Although the discovery of it was accredited to Ponce de Leon, there is no proof of this, and the legend did not come about until after his death.

However, that does not stop people from visiting St. Augustine, Florida, home of Ponce de Leon’s Fountain of Youth National Park.

While this is, of course, not the real fountain of youth, people still drink from it’s waters, which speaks volumes about how important it is to society to stay looking young and beautiful.

While the imaginary “Fountain of Youth” may not truly grant eternal youth, there are many options for the modern woman including homemade, natural remedies and their synthetic counterparts, and for the lucky few who can afford it, plastic surgery.

However, as with any endeavor, there are risks to be taken when delving into certain anti aging procedures such as chemical peels, botox injections, and going under the knife. Prevention is really the best way to start when talking about anti aging products and getting rid of wrinkles, so here are a few tips for heading those wrinkles off before they get a chance to set in.

Prevention

Don’t Smoke- Smoking is the number one cause of early aging in women today. Not only does it fill your body with toxins, it also causes wrinkles to form around the lips and corners of the mouth from constantly pursing your lips around a cigarette. Smoking reduces the flow of oxygen throughout your body, which leads to a gray and sallow complexion. People who have never smoked, or have quit smoking look and feel younger than those who never started.

Cut down on alcohol consumption

Alcohol consumption is another way to age a person beyond their years. Alcohol dehydrates the body, and over a long period of time, the skin will become shriveled in appearance, and more prone to wrinkles.

Often times, smoking and drinking seem to go hand in hand, and years spent in smoky environments will eventually take their toll on your skin. Reducing alcohol consumption to a glass of wine a night, or it’s equivalent, will work wonders for your overall health, well being, and appearance.

Stay out of the sun

Staying out of the sun is the best thing that you can do to protect your skin from becoming wrinkled. While getting a tan might look good for the moment, all the sun does is dry out your skin over and over again, causing it to become like leather as you age.

Always apply sun block when leaving the house, and take extra precautions like wearing sunglasses so that you are not constantly squinting at the sun, which will encourage fine lines around your eyes. Remember to put sunblock on your hands as well, as age spots on the hands, are an indicator of age no matter how smooth your face is.

Avoid stress

Stress is perhaps the #1 unseen killer today. Stress could very well age you faster than all of the factors already mentioned. People who are under a lot of stress tend to have neck, back, and shoulder pain, which stops them from enjoying life the way that they used to.

There really is some truth to the old saying that if you feel young, you look young. While there are many things that are going to be discussed in this article to slow down the aging process, at some point wrinkles will set in, and it is much better to have laugh lines, rather than those of a frown.

Get moving

Exercise is another way of slowing the aging process. Not only does it keep you physically fit, it reduces stress by getting your endorphins going, which will send out signals to your brain to be happy and relaxed. Exercise is also a good time for meditation and/or to connect with yourself, which will also reduce the stress in your life.

While prevention is the best way to remain looking young and wrinkle free, this does not mean that there is nothing that can be done to turn back the hands of time. There are a wide variety of creams, lotions, serums, and scrubs on the market today that are targeted towards that end. The trick is to know what the ingredients are in these products, and if they really work.

Skin Care Products

Every skin care line on the market today will suggest waiting “at least 2 weeks before seeing results”. While this may be true, it gives skin care companies quite a bit of leeway as to the quality of what they are using in their products.

Many of the ingredients found in the most popular skin care labels contain harmful/toxic ingredients that can cause skin irritation, dermatitis, and can also inhibit skin cell growth, which is essential to maintaining a youthful appearance.

This is why it is very important to read the product label before you buy a skin care product. With all the anti aging products on the market today, it may be difficult to know which ones are harmful as a whole, so here is a list of toxic/Toxic ingredients to look for in a skin care product.

Harmful/Toxic Ingredients

Petrolatum Products- Common petrolatum derivatives are mineral oil and paraffin. These leave a plastic like coating over your skin, which allows toxins to build up, and can eventually disrupt hormonal activity.

Parabens – Parabens are used as preservatives and ultimately mimic estrogen, which disrupts hormonal balance in the body.

Phenyl Carbolic Acid-Phenyl Carbolic acid can cause circulatory collapse, convulsions, and paralysis, possibly death due to respiratory failure.

Propylene Glycol– Propylene Glycol while used as carrier oil for fragrance opals and as humectants in skin care lines, has also been found in paint; break fluid, and floor wax. It can cause inhibitive skin cell growth, dermatitis, skin irritation, and in severe cases kidney and liver damage.

Sodium Laureth Sulfate– Also known as Sodium laurel or Laurel Sulfate, this chemical is widely used in skin care products because of it’s ability to easily penetrate the skin, and break down other products making it easier for them to pass through the protective barrier of the skin.

In combination with other chemicals, it can cause hair loss. Along with Propylene Glycol, this is another chemical known to be used for industrial purposes, and can be found in engine degreasers and car shampoos.

Toulene – Also known as benzine/benzyl, this is a well-known poison that can be harmful or fatal if inhaled, swallowed, or absorbed through the skin.

While this list may seem daunting, there is a website called Skin Deep that has a list of products that are broken down by brand that gives them a score as to how harmful they are to your skin. It is very user friendly, and you can simply type in your favorite brand of moisturizer to see what kind of score it gets.

While you may be surprised at how many reputable skin care lines receive a high score as far as containing harmful products, rest assured that there have been great strides made in the Natural/Organic world of skin care. Actually, the modern world is just now realizing what people of old have known for hundreds of years. Natural oils that are derived from plants and herbs are much closer to fitting the oils that our bodies produce naturally.

Although there are products that are on the market today that are produced in the laboratory which will be discussed along with the natural oils, it seems that some of nature’s ways that have stood the test of time might be the better choice in anti-aging products, but that is your decision to make. Here is a list of oils, and products that are considered safe for your health and well being.

Safe Non Toxic Products For Your Skin

Cynergy TK– this is a new product that is said to stimulate the regrowth of your own collagen and elastin, which leads to fewer wrinkles, and a more youthful appearance.

CQ10– while the benefits of CQ10 have long been known among the medical and cosmetic field, there is a form of it that is much better for anti aging purposes.

When looking at a skin care product label, look for Nano Lipobelle H-EQ10. This form of CQ10 is said to be able to penetrate 7 layers of skin.

Hyaluronic acid- Hyaluronic acid is literally the “glue” that holds together the collagen and elastin fibers in your skin. Loss of this acid leads to dark circles and loss of a youthful appearance.HA is naturally occurring in the body, but decreases with age in most individuals. While it can be found in many anti aging products, it is recommended that it also be taken in supplement form, so that it can work from the inside out.

Phytessence Wakame-This is exotic kelp, which is native to the Japanese sea. This is helpful to your anti aging routine because it blocks an n enzyme called hyaluronase, which breaks down hyaluronic acid.

Coconut oil– Coconut oil has been known for centuries for it’s moisturizing abilities. It also very close in structure to sebum, the oil that our bodies produce naturally. For this reason, coconut oil is absorbed easily into the skin, and a little bit goes a very long way. Not only is it good for skin care, but is also considered a healthy fat.

Olive oil– Olive oil is another oil that has been used for hundreds of years for it’s healing, moisturizing, and heath benefits when used for cooking. Olive oil is a very versatile product that can be mixed with other natural ingredients in your home to make skin scrubs, hot oil treatments, and a multitude of other home remedies.

Jojoba oil– Jojoba oil is just as effective as coconut and olive oil, and can be used in the same way as olive oil to make homemade beauty treatments.

Vitamin C – Along with its cold fighting properties, Vitamin is an anti- oxidant that promotes collagen production and helps to recycle Vitamin E. When used in skin care products Vitamin C promotes less wrinkles, tougher skin, and an all around smoother complexion. Not only that, but it also repairs skin that has been damaged by UV rays and smoking. Some people have reported that Vitamin C can cause some stinging and irritation when applied to the face.

Vitamin E – Vitamin E is still one of the best things you can apply to your skin for wrinkle control. When applied regularly it will lend a youthful and wrinkle free look to your face. There have been reports of red and swollen skin when using Vitamin E regularly, but this is rare.

Aloe Vera– Known for it’s healing properties, Aloe Vera is also very good for tightening the skin, and when mixed together with Vitamin E in equal parts, you have a double duty anti aging cream that will soften as well as tighten your face. Although this is a very good eye cream, care should be taken not to get it in the eyes.

Royal Jelly– Royal Jelly is what the queen bee eats to survive and is reportedly the one of the most nutritious things you can eat. Whether applied topically to your skin, or taken in supplement form Royal Jelly is definitely a force to be dealt with in the anti aging scene. People who have known allergies to bees should not consume royal jelly as paralysis or even death could occur. If you do not know if you are allergic to bees, you may want to consult with your doctor for an allergy test before consuming Royal Jelly.

Alpha Lipoic Acid – Alpha Lipoic Acid is a naturally occurring anti-oxidant, which acts as a defoliant, and reduces the appearance of fine lines, wrinkles, and age spots. Another benefit of using this product is that it has a protective effect on Vitamin C and E, which encourages regeneration of the cells. Common side effects are inflammation.

While this is a very comprehensive list of anti aging products that are on the market today, this is really just the tip of the iceberg. Modern technology is striving every day to come up with new ways to help people stay looking younger, longer.

However, as the old saying goes, beauty is not only skin deep. Many times, what you see reflected in the mirror is a result of what you have been putting in your body. Good nutrition is essential in maintaining a youthful, healthy appearance. Staying away fro overly processed, prepacked foods that are filled with preservatives and saturated fat is not only unhealthy for your heart, but when you are not healthy it shows in your face.

Eating Vegetables

Eating green leafy vegetables such as fresh spinach and collard greens are essential for a healthy diet, as well as eating fresh fruit. While eating red meat in moderation is acceptable, fish is a much better source oh Omega 3 fatty acids, which lead to all around whole body health. Also, the great debate about eggs is finally over. What people have known for generations is true; eggs are full of protein, and with one egg healthy to consume or not.

Cosmetic Surgery

While many people cannot afford the luxury, cosmetic procedures such as botox injections, chemical peels, and plastic surgery cannot be left out of the anti aging scene. Unfortunately, though it seems that there are more risks than benefits when it comes to these kind of medical procedures.

Whether the doctors or the patients are to blame is a purely a case by case debate, the effects of plastic surgery gone wrong can be scary. Many times, it almost becomes an addiction for some people who are aspiring to get the “perfect” appearance, only to come out years later looking like a parody of themselves.

Other times, people have gone in thinking they could trust their doctor, and found out differently after it was too late. Cosmetic surgery can definitely be a benefit to women who want to get a face lift, or repair sagging eyelids, but it is very important to find the right surgeon, and do some research before going under the knife.

Word of mouth is still the best advertisement, and when looking for a surgeon to work on your most precious asset, it might be best to try to find someone that you know you can trust.

Considering Your Options

Whatever route you choose to take with anti aging creams and potions, remember that only you can decide what is best for you.. Before investing in the latest “miracle” cream, do some research, and see what it is all about.

Or go to the drug store, and try some of the samples that they have out. Also, never doubt the power of some of the natural remedies mentioned in this article, because centuries of women cannot be wrong. Above all else, remember that looking young has a lot to do with feeling young, so have fun on your quest for the best wrinkle cream out there, or try making one at home.

The possibilities are endless as long you feel good about yourself, and reading this article is a step in the right direction. Now, just get out there get moving, and see what the world has to offer!

Resources

nlm.nih.gov

Mayoclinic.Com

EverydayHealth.Com

What exactly is a cold sore?

A cold sore is a common ailment. They are commonly called fever blisters, or they are known medically as herpes labialis.

A cold sore consists of small blisters that form close to the mouth and on the lips. These blisters cause the skin close to them to become red, swollen and sore.

Many times, the blisters will burst open and a clear fluid may come out of them. Afterword, they will scab over and usually heal, on their own, in about two weeks.

What are symptoms of a cold sore?

The symptoms of cold sores differ from person to person.

Common symptoms include pain around the mouth and parts of the lips, a sore throat, swollen glands in the neck or a high fever.

Young children may drool slightly before getting a cold sore. Someone who has had one before may just be able to “feel” a new cold sore coming.

What causes a cold sore?

The herpes simplex virus is usually the culprit of these painful sores. There are two types of the herpes simplex virus. These are known simply as herpes simplex virus one and herpes simplex virus two. Each of these can cause cold sores, although the sores are usually caused by HSV-1.

The virus will often sneak its way into the body via a break in the skin close to the mouth. It can spread through infected bodily fluids when people do things like kiss or share a razor or eating utensil.

Once a person has an episode of herpes, the virus stays within the body. It lies dormant and can emerge at any time at or near the original site. Reemergence of the virus can be triggered by menstruation, fever, stress, fatigue, or sun exposure.

What are risk factors of getting a cold sore?

The biggest risk factor of getting a cold sore is a previous experience with a cold sore. Once a person has the herpes simplex virus, it never leaves the body and that person will most likely get other cold sores throughout his or her life, especially during times of stress.

A risk factor of getting a cold sore for the first time is exposure to someone with a cold sore. It can be spread easily through contaminated objects.

Age is another risk factor. Infants and young children have a high chance of getting cold sores.

Immunocompromised people, such as those with AIDS or people on chemotherapy are also at high risk for cold sores. Cold sores may spread to large parts of the lower face or even invade organs.

What are some good ways to prevent cold sores?

Once a person has contracted the herpes simplex virus, the best way to prevent a cold sore is by boosting the immune system. If the virus hasn’t been contracted, cold sores can be prevented by avoiding the herpes simplex virus itself. To do so, stay away from body fluids of an infected person, and don’t share eating utensils, drinking cups, or similar items with a person who has a cold sore.

How is a cold sore diagnosed?

Most of the time a doctor can diagnose a cold sore simply by looking at it and asking a few questions. Cold sores can sometimes be mistaken for other things such as abrasions, razor burns, pimples, angular stomatitis, and canker sores. In these cases where the diagnosis is not obvious, the doctor may order tests to confirm what is really going on.

One test a doctor can do is to take a swab of the sore and incubate it to see if the virus can be detected. The doctor will use a swab to get a sample of the infected area. The swab must be taken in the first 48 hours of the outbreak and before the blister has crusted over.

The sample will be incubated for a minimum of three to five days and may confirm the presence and type of herpes simplex virus. However, a negative viral culture does not mean that the patient is actually negative for the virus. If the swab is taken after the sore has started to heal, the virus may not show up in lab results.

Blood tests can also be done to correctly diagnose cold sores and to rule out other problems such as canker sores, impetigo, syphilis, chickenpox, or lip cancer.

What are complications the go along with cold sores?

When a cold sore is present, the herpes simplex virus can spread to another part of the infected person’s body and cause another cold sore. This is known as autoinoculation. The most serious type of autoinoculation is known as ocular herpes. It is characterized by lesions and severe pain around the eye. It can lead to serious eye damage or blindness.

The herpes simplex virus can rarely cause encephalitis in the brain. This infection requires antiviral medications to be given intravenously and hospitalization.

Rarely, people that experience a cold sore outbreak can also experience erythema nodosum. This is a nonspecific skin reaction that presents itself as redness and painful skin lumps that are usually on the front side of the legs. This condition usually resolves on its own in three to six weeks.

How are cold sores treated?

If left alone, a cold sore will usually heal on its own in a few days. However, they can cause pain and embarrassment. If desired, there are different ways to treat cold sores and help them heal faster.

What are home remedies for cold sores?

When an outbreak occurs, it is important for the person to wash his or her hands frequently to reduce the spread of the virus to various other body parts or to other people.

One home remedy for a cold sore is covering the sore with petroleum jelly or with a local anesthetic ointment containing benzocaine to alive the pain. However, covering the sore with makeup will most likely make the sore worse.

Getting a new toothbrush after the outbreak has started and after the cold sore is gone is a good way to stop the spread of the virus. Toothbrushes can harbor the virus and spread them to other areas of the mouth.
Put some kind of sun protection on the lips before going outside. Use something that contains at least 15 SPF or higher.

Eating Licorice

Eat licorice. Studies have shown that glycyrrhizic acid, which is found in licorice, can help to stop cold sores. Licorice powder is also available, but be careful. There can be negative side effects if too much is used.
Use an ice pack on the sore when it first arrives.

Getting the sore cold may provide relief from the pain and it also cuts down the time that a cold sore will be there. Popsicles work too, but don’t eat juice bars. The acid in juice bars may irritate the sore.

Use Milk

Soak a cotton ball in milk and apply it to the sore. This will work to relieve the pain. It can also work to speed the healing, especially if put on the lip when you feel a cold sore coming.

What are herbal remedies for cold sores?

Some herbs that are helpful in healing cold sores are lemon balm and Saint John’s wort.

Either of these should be dabbed on to the lip or mouth as soon as a cold sore is noticed. They should be use several times a day.

Oregon grape is another herb that works on cold sores because it is an antiviral herb. Other herbs to consider using are ones that will boost the immune system such as Echinacea. One teaspoon of strong Echinacea root decoration can be swished around in the mouth for several minutes then swallowed three times per day.

Chamomile is another thing that can be used. It contains a substance called bisabolol that helps heal sores of the mucous membranes. Herbs can cause side effects, and can interfere with other medications being taken. Many herbs should not be taken by pregnant or nursing women. Talk to a doctor before starting any herbal routine. Most of these herbs are available as supplements at local drug stores or online for a pretty decent price.

What are the medicinal remedies for cold sores?

There are many prescription and non-prescription creams, tablets, liquid drops, lip balms, and gels that claim to help cold sores.

Some of them include:

Abreva Abreva is a non-prescription cold sore medicine approved by the FDA to shorten healing time of cold sores. It is placed directly on the cold sore. It has side effects such as headaches, painful menstrual periods, and a stuffy or runny nose. It sells from $12 to $20 dollars for a .7 oz container.

Anbesol Cold sore Therapy Ointment with Vitamin E and Aloe. This provides maximum strength pain relief of cold sores and moisturizes while it treats and protects. This treatment can cause stinging, severe allergic reactions, edema, cardiovascular problems, dermatitis, and methemoglobinemia. It sells for about $7 for a .33 oz container.

Quantum Super Lysine plus Cold Sore Cream This is to be applied at the first sign of cold sores. It is said to be able to block the outbreak or speed up the healing time. It sells for $11 for a .75 oz bottle.

Cold Sore Rescue Cold Sore Rescue is an all natural gel that combines anti-viral and anti-inflammatory herbs to promote quick healing of cold sores. It sells for $9.95 for a .27 oz tube.

Orajel Medicated Cold Sore Swabs These are easy to apply swabs that go directly onto the cold sore. These are about $4.00 per box.

Herpetrol Cold Sore Relief Gel This gel works to relieve the pain that accompanies cold sores. It does not heal the cold sore any faster than normal. It sells for $6-$8 dollars for a .25 oz package.

Zilactin Cold Sore Gel This gel creates a temporary film around the sore that will reduce irritation and temporarily relieves pain from cold sores. It sells for about $7 for a .25 oz package.

These are just a few of the commercially available products that claim to help cold sores heal or to relieve the pain of cold sores. There are only two FDA approved prescription medications. They are Denavir cream 1% and Zovirax cream 5%.

Denavir cream works by interfering with the growth of the herpes virus. It can reduce the pain of the cold sore and speed up the healing. It is a cream that is applied directly to the sore. Side effects are rare, but may include headaches, hives, itching, numbing of the skin, pain, rash, skin discoloration, swelling in the mouth and throat, taste or smell alteration, tingling, or worsened condition.

Zovirax cream is used in the same way as Denavir cream. Its side effects include allergic reactions, burning, dry or cracked lips, dry or flaky skin, eczema, hives, inflammation, itchy spots, or stinging. Prescription medications are generally more expensive than non-prescription, depending on the type of insurance you have.

If you don’t have insurance, or if you insurance plan doesn’t cover prescriptions, use natural or over the counter remedies or allow the cold sore to heal on its own.

Resources

EmedicineHealth.Com

MedicineNet.Com

WebMd.Com

Introduction to Head Lice

Head lice, latin name Pediculus humanus capitis, is a parasitic insect that is found in the hair, eyebrows, and eyelashes of humans.

Although some refer to head lice as scabies, this is a misnomer. Scabies is caused by a mite and not head lice.

Head lice feed on human blood for nutrients. If they do not receive blood, they will die in 2 to 3 days.

Head lice are around 3 millimeters in length and take on the color of blood when they begin feeding. Although the average life cycle of head lice is about a month, they cannot survive for long once they lose their source of food.

Once an louse loses it’s ability to feed, they will die in one or two days. Recent studies have also shown that head lice may be able to transmit diseases, such as certain types of fevers.

Symptoms of Head Lice

Usually, head lice are discovered by one of three ways. The first sign of head lice infestation is intense itching of the scalp. The itching is caused by a reaction to the saliva that a louse secretes. The other symptoms of head lice infestation are seeing lice or nits.

Adult lice can be found on the human scalp while eggs, also called nits, are found attached to the hair shaft. If the “nit” comes off the hair shaft easily, then chances are it is not a louse egg. Lice eggs are attached firmly to the hair shaft and do not easily come off.

To search for head lice and their eggs, first wash and condition the hair of the person who may have lice. Since removing nits requires a fine-toothed comb, conditioning hair will make it easier to come. Make sure to use a good light and a fine toothed comb. Looking for adult lice along the hair line and individual nits attached to the hair shaft.

A magnifying glass can also be used to spot the tiny eggs. If the person is experiencing itching without the presence of lice or eggs, then chances are there is not an infestation.

Causes of Lice Infestation

Contrary to what some people think, human head lice cannot jump from one person to another. They are only mobile by walking. The spread of lice is also not caused by being unclean.

Head lice are spread through the shared use of personal items such as hear accessories (barrettes and headbands), combs, brushes, hats, or anything else that can come in contact with human hair. Lice can also be spread on pillows, blankets and towels. Upholstered furniture, including plush movie theater seats, can harbor head lice and their eggs.

Risks of Lice Infestation

As stated in the causes of infestation, hygiene is not a factor in lice infestation. Coming in contact and sharing hair related items with people who are infested cause the lice to spread. Young children who are in pre-school or elementary school, are more likely to contract head lice simply because they share their hair accessories more often.

Prevention of Head Lice

The best method for the prevention of head lice is to stop sharing items that are infesting. Since it is nearly impossible to control the sharing of all objects infected by lice, it is also important to completely rid areas of lice when they are numerous. That involves thorough cleaning of areas where lice or nits may be present.

Testing for and Diagnosing Head Lice Infestation

Usually, head lice can be found through a routine check at school or at home. Searching for nits and adults is the best way to diagnose the presence of head lice. If there seem to be nits on the hair shafts but there appear to be no adults, try and remove the nit with a very fine toothed comb.

If any question remains or the person who suspects a head lice infestation is unsure, a doctor can diagnose the presence of lice. When there is an outbreak at school, church, or anywhere else large groups may gather, then it may be a good idea to check for head lice, even if an infestation is not suspected.

Treatment of Head Lice

There are several ways to treat head lice infestation. What is most important to remember is that the lice and eggs could have been transferred to pillow, towels, hats, or anything else plush or upholstered that came in contact with a person who has head lice. There are treatments that are chemical, organic, prescription and over the counter.

Some of the treatments are:

Lindane (also under the names Kwell and Thionex) – this type of chemical kills lice and their eggs. It is only available with a prescription and is used as a second resort if other treatments have failed.

In recent years, there has been controversy over the use of lindane as it is an insecticide that is easily absorbed into the skin. Lindane is a topical crème, lotion or shampoo. If it is left on the scalp or other areas too long, it will be absorbed and can cause seizure disorders.

It is not recommended for infants, toddlers, people with sores or open wounds, people weighing under 110 pounds or those with seizure disorders. Kwell has been reportedly linked to a young man who was found to suffer from cancer. The pesticide in this product allegedly killed a school aged child who was prescribed Kwell twice in order to kill lice and eggs during an infestation.

Other Options Are:

Malathion lotion (Ovide) – this treatment is also available only by prescription. It kills adult lice and some eggs, although a second treatment to kill newly hatched lice is needed to kill any lice that have hatched since the first treatment.

Pyrethrins (sold as A-200, Pronto, R&C, Rid and Triple X) – this type of remedy is available over the counter. However, this remedy only kills adult lice and another treatment will have to be used once the nits have hatched, which is approximately 8 to 10 days after the first treatment. These types of treatments run anywhere from $7 to $20 per bottle, which is $14 to $40 per family member, since anyone who may have come in contact with the person may be infected and there needs to be 2 treatments. Similar to other treatments, lice may be resistant.

Permethrin (sold as Nix) – this is a synthetic form of the pyrethrins. It is also sold over the counter and only kills adult lice. This type of treatment may also continue to kill young lice for a couple of days after the initial treatment, but a second treatment is recommended 8 to 10 days after the first treatment. Lice may also be resistant to this type of treatment. This treatment can be less expensive than the pyrethrins; 2 bottles, or 2 treatments, are approximately $20.

Tea Tree Oil – this type of oil can be found in health food stores as well as nationwide retailers. Although this treatment is considered natural, there are warnings that it is not safe for pregnant women, babies, young children and pets. Tea Tree Oil can irritate skin and cause a reaction. In high doses, it causes liver toxicity. There is no indication whether or not this treatment works. The cost of tea tree oil is $7 and up. Cost will depend on the purity and amount of the oil.

Mayonnaise – some people use this remedy to remove nits. In theory, the oil in mayonnaise will make the nits slip off the hair shaft and will suffocate the lice. Mayonnaise is under $10 for an abundance of treatment. There is no indication whether or not this treatment works.

Vaseline – similar to mayonnaise, this treatment is meant to suffocate and slide lice and their eggs form the hair and scalp. Vaseline cost a couple of dollars, but there is no indication that this treatment works.

LiceMeister Comb – this type of treatment uses no chemicals. It uses the concept of manual removal of lice and nits. This comb also comes with a card to help identify nits and lice. The comb costs around $10. Since there are no chemicals used in this type of treatment, there is no risk of lice becoming resistant to a LiceMeister Comb. This comb can also be used as a preventative medicine as it can be used to check for the presence of lice and eggs on a regular basis. There are cleaning kits and replacement parts also available.

Wrapping the head – while some people suggest wrapping the head in plastic, it does not remove the source of food from the lice and is therefore ineffective. It is also dangerous to younger children to wrap plastic around their head as it may slip and cause suffocation. Plastic wrap is a couple of dollars.

All of the treatments listed above are remedies for lice and nits that are on humans. However, in order to totally remove the infestation, household items that could be carrying lice and nits need to be treated as well. It is recommended that clothing, hats, or any other items that are washable be washed in hot water and dried on the highest heat setting in a dryer.

Steps in Getting Rid of Lice

Water will not drown lice, but the extreme heat of water in the washer will kills them. Combs, brushes, and hair accessories should either be replaced or soaked in very hot water for at least 5 minutes. If there are clothing or other items that cannot be washed, they should be placed in plastic bags for a minimum of 3 days. This amount of time will kill lice and newly hatched eggs as they will be lacking nutrition to stay alive.

A thorough vacuuming of any upholstered or cloth furniture should also be done. This includes cloth headrests in cars. Spraying an insecticide or fumigant is not recommended as it can expose young children and pets to the toxic fumes. Make sure to notify schools, child cares and churches about the lice infestation so that they also can take precautions and preventative measures.

If after using an over the counter treatment twice does not kill any or some of the lice, the lice may be resistant to the treatment or the treatment may not have been used properly. It is only recommended that any one treatment be used a maximum of 2 to 3 times. If after treatments are used there are still live young or adult lice, a doctor should be consulted. Some oils used as natural treatments can also cause greater rates of absorption for the chemical treatments. It is suggested that oil and chemical treatments not be used in combination.

Resources

nlm.nih.gov

EverydayHealth.Com

cdc.gov

Prostate Disorders

About the Prostate

The prostate gland is anatomically positioned inferior to the urinary bladder and is roughly the size of a walnut. By the time a man reaches the age of twenty, the gland weighs approximately twenty grams.

As the age of a person increases, the gland begins to grow at a slow rate. It surrounds a short section of the urethra known as the prostatic urethra.

Physiologically, the prostate is predominately associated with semen production and houses the ejaculatory duct.

The prostate gland generates about thirty percent of the semen’s composition. As important as this particular gland is, it is also commonly linked to some of the most common disorders in males today. The most common types of prostate disorders are benign prostatic hyperplasia, also known as BPH, prostate cancer, and prostatitis.

Different Types of Prostate Disorders

There are several different forms of prostate disorders ranging from swelling to cancer of the gland. Benign prostatic hyperplasia, or BPH, is a non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate gland in men. The problem with this increase in size is that is has a compressing effect on the prostatic urethra, which may then obstruct the passage of urine. Prostate cancer is simply a cancer that starts in the gland itself.

Unlike most cancers, this form of cancer develops slowly and shows no signs or symptoms until the disease has progresses to later stages. Once the cancer has spread to other areas, the problem is no longer curable but the effects can be managed for many years. Prostatitis is the inflammation of the prostate gland due to infection. This can be caused by numerous reasons but the most common cause is due to bacteria.

Symptoms

While there are many different divisions within the subject of prostate disorders, many of them often express some of the same signs and symptoms. One of the most common tell tale signs of a prostate related disorder is the burning feeling or sensation during urination. When the prostate enlarges it places more pressure on the urethra.

Because of a layer that surrounds the gland, it enlarges inward towards the urethra rather than outward. This compresses the urethra with a great deal of pressure and makes it more difficult to expel urine. Frequent urination and the feeling that your bladder never completely empties are also signs of a prostate disorder.

Other signs and symptoms include the following

• Hematuria- this is a condition in which blood appears in the urine
• Anemia- a condition in which the body does not have a sufficient amount of red blood cells or hemoglobin
• Urinary tract infections- infections located within the bladder or urethra
• Pain in the pelvis region
• Nocturia- frequent urination at night

Note that the symptoms of prostate disorders are not limited to this list only. There are others associated with it as well. If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, then it is a good idea to contact your contact your doctor for professional advice and treatment.

Causes

As with any other disease, there are numerous causes to prostate disorders. Each type of disorder has a separate list of causes.

The cause of benign prostatic hyperplasia is thought to be a due to a change in hormone balance associated with old age. This particular disorder is very common with men over the age of seventy five. In this disorder, the gland increases in size very slowly. The problem may begin as early as 30 years of age and show no symptoms until the late 60’s of 70’s.

As for the cause of prostate cancer, a direct, factual answer is still yet to be determined. However, there are many risk factors that can increase the chances of contracting this type of cancer. Prostate cancer seems to be related to age. Men between the ages of 55 and 70 have the highest risk for developing this disorder.

Also, poor diets have been associated with the disease as well. In particular, diets high in animal fat seem to have the most correlation with the cancer. Finally, while it has not been proven, recent theories believe that having a vasectomy may increase the chance of developing prostate cancer.

Prostatitis is similar to prostate cancer in the sense that little is known about the disease in regards to what triggers it to occur. Many believe that it is closely associated to a bacterial infection, but are still searching for other causes. The bacteria can enter the prostate though the urethra, from urine that has been exposed to a bladder infection, or by the use of a catheter.

Risk Factors

While there is a limited amount of information pertaining to the physiologically causes of prostate disorders, there is a decent amount of information regarding the risk factors.

Age is one of the greatest factors that can put one at risk for prostate disorders. After a man reaches the age of fifty, the chances of contracting one of these diseases rises sharply. In fact, approximately ninety percent of men over the age of seventy have some level of BPH. For some more statistical evidence, prostate cancer affects about nine percent of men over the age of fifty.

Race is another factor that can increase the chances of developing some type of prostate disorder. For some reason, prostate disorders are more common in African American men. However, the reason as to why this statement is true is not entirely clear. Non-Hispanic whites are also at a greater risk than Asian and Latin Americans.

Another interesting risk factor is nationality. Problems associated with the prostate gland are more common in areas such as North America and Northwestern Europe than in countries like Asia, Africa, and South America. However, some argue that not enough testing is being done in some of these underdeveloped nations, while more tests are carried out in those that are more developed.

Family and Diet

Prostate cancer has been known to run in families. Men with family members that have had a prostate disorder are more likely to get it as well.

Diet is another subject that may play a role in determining the causes of prostate related problems. In some clinical studies, men that consumed diets rich in red meat and low in fruits of vegetables seem to have a bigger chance of getting a disorder. However, this information is still unclear and is still being investigated.

Tests and Diagnostics For Prostate Disorders

There are a couple of tests that can be used to detect prostate cancer. One of the most efficient ways to detect a disorder is to get a digital prostate examination. Of all the tests, this is the easiest one to perform.

The doctor simply goes though the anus and with their finger they can detect tumors, masses, or swelling in the gland. If the digital prostate exam raises suspicion, the next step would be to get a PSA blood test. PSA stands for prostate specific antigen. This is a protein that is specific to prostate cancer which makes it very effective at diagnosing the problem.

While this is indeed a great tool for detection, it is not foolproof. PSA levels may also rise if there is any inflammation, infection, or urinary retention near the prostate. These two measures are great for detecting a probable diagnosis but the only method that will give you a definite answer is a biopsy of the prostate.

This procedure is guided by a transrectal ultrasound. The ultrasound images are used to guide a needle which the doctor uses to extract small tissue samples. Biopsies can also be performed using a cytoscope. In this method, the tool is inserted through the urethra rather than through the rectum.

Prevention Techniques

While there is no method to date that prevents prostate disorders, some think that diet may lower the risk.

Low fat diets consisting mainly of fruits and vegetables may reduce the risk of prostate cancer. On the contrary, diets that are heavy in animal fats may increase the risk of developing a problem.

Many doctors also believe that there are a few vitamins that can also decrease the risk of prostate cancer as well. However, the subject of vitamins and prostate disorders is still an ongoing study to determine whether or not some vitamins are preventative.

Note that you should contact your doctor before going through with any form of treatment for prostate related disorders.

Treatment

Due to the fact that prostate disorders are among the most common diseases there are several ways in which to treat these problems.

One method of treatment for prostatitis is called prostatic message. In this method, the doctor places his finger though the rectum and messages the prostate gland. This treatment is performed several times a week. It is thought that this treatment helps to open blocked ducts and improve circulation.

Prostatic message is not performed on patients while acute prostatitis because it could cause the bacteria to spread. Other methods of treatment include Acupuncture, biofeedback, and counseling.

BPH

BPH also has several ways in which it can be treated. In most cases, waiting and monitoring is the best thing that you can do. It is important to stay on top of medical exams in order to control the disorder properly. In addition to this, there are also drugs that be taken to help as well. Two popular drugs include finasteride and terazosin. While these drugs do not rid the problem, they do help in maintaining progression. Finally, the most effective treatment is surgery.

There are many different ways to go about treating prostate cancer. There are several classes of drugs that are used for this purpose. Leiteinizing hormone – releasing hormone (LH-RH) agonists are one of the classes. LH stimulates the prostate to secrete androgens and seminal secretions.

By inhibiting these secretions, the prostate is put under less pressure. Some of the drugs in this class are Leuprolide, Goserelin, and Buserelin. Antiandrogens are another class of drugs used for treatment. Like LH-RH, these drugs minimize the secretions of the prostate. Flutamide and Bicalutamide are common drugs used in this class. Adrenal gland inhibiting drugs are also used in treatment.

Additional Drugs & Regimen

This class includes drugs such as Ketoconazole and Aminoglutethimide. The adrenal gland releases secretions that stimulate the prostate. As with the other drugs, this class inhibits those secretions thus decreasing strain on the gland. Finally, total androgen blockade is a drug therapy regimen that combines testosterone blockers and adrenal gland blockers.

With this regimen, secretion of testosterone and other androgens is completely suppressed. While these drugs do work, the most effective treatment is surgery. With surgery, you can remove the cancer and in most cases prevent re-occurrences. There are many methods in which you can perform the surgery.

The most common procedure done is a prostatectomy. This is the complete removal of the prostate. This generally tends to be the most effective because the rate of re-occurrence is the lowest.

Resources

mayoclinic.com

emedicinehealth.com

medicinenet.com

It is not uncommon for men to sometimes ejaculate much sooner during sexual intercourse than either they or their partner would prefer them to. It is not anything to be concerned about if this is an infrequent occasion. However, if this happens on a regular basis, such as shortly after or before intercourse begins, there is a chance that premature ejaculation is to blame.

It is possible that as many as one out of every three men are effected by premature ejaculation at some time.

Both biological and psychological factors can contribute to the development of premature ejaculation, and many men are usually too embarrassed to admit that they suffer it, though it is a treatable and common problem.

There are medications, sexual techniques and psychological counseling that can help delay ejaculation so that both partners can enjoy sex more. Many men find that combining treatment works well.

Symptoms

The most obvious symptom of premature ejaculation is when ejaculation occurs prior to when both partners wish for it to occur, which causes distress or concern. However, this problem may be present in any sexual situation, including during attempts to masturbate.

Doctors usually classify this condition as either lifelong (primary) or acquired (secondary).

Primary premature ejaculation is usually characterized by:

• An inability to delay ejaculation during vaginal penetration.
• Ejaculation that nearly always happens within a minute of vaginal penetration.
• Frustration, distress or avoiding sexual intimacy.

Secondary premature ejaculation is usually characterized by:

• Causing relationship problems or personal distress.
• Recurrent ejaculation before it is wished and with minimal stimulation prior to penetration.
• The development after having previous sexual relationship without any problems with ejaculation.

When to See a Doctor

When most sexual encounters result in ejaculated sooner than either partner prefers, it is time to discuss it with a doctor. Even though a man may feel as if though he needs to fix the issue himself, treatment may still be required in order to achieve a satisfying sex life.

Some men may find that a conversation with the doctor results in the revelation that not only is the occasional premature ejaculation considered normal, but it may not even be premature. The range of what is considered normal from the start of intercourse to ejaculation is typically considered to be between two and ten minutes.

Causes

It is not known what the precise cause of premature ejaculation is. Though once upon a time, it was believed that the problem was purely psychological, it is now known that the condition is much more complicated than that in that it involves a less simple interaction, including biological factors as well as psychological.

• Psychological Causes. There are some doctors who feel that developing patterns from early sexual experiences make it difficult to change later on in life, including:
  • Situations where a man may needed to have rushed climax before he was discovered;
  • Feelings of guilt that may increase a man’s likelihood to hurry through a sexual encounter.
• Other possible reasons for premature ejaculation to occur may also include:
  • Anxiety. Several men who suffer from premature ejaculation also have issues dealing with anxiety, whether it is only geared towards sexual performance or for other reasons.
  • Erectile dysfunction. Men who have issues or worries about obtaining and keeping their erection throughout intercourse may develop of a pattern of hurrying towards ejaculation, which is a difficult process to change.
  • Relationship problems. If a man has previously had a sexually satisfying relationship without any or with minimal premature ejaculation, then the odds are that an interpersonal issue with a current partner might be to place for the premature ejaculation.
• Biological Causes. There are some factors with regards to biology that might contribute to the condition, as well, such as:
  • Abnormal hormone levels;
  • Abnormal levels of neurotransmitters, which are brain chemicals;
  • Abnormal activity with regards to the reflex of the ejaculatory system;
  • Some thyroid problems;
  • Inherited traits; or
  • Inflammation or infection of the urethra or prostate.
• It is possible, but rare, for premature to be caused by:
  • Withdrawal from narcotics or trifluoperazine (Stelazine), which is a drug that is used to treat anxiety; or
  • Damage of the nervous system that may have resulted from trauma or surgery.

Even though it is possible for both psychological factors and biological factors to play a role in the majority of instances of premature ejaculation, most experts believe that only the instance of primary premature ejaculation has traces of a primarily biological cause.

Risk Factors

There are several different factors that might increase the risk of developing premature ejaculation, such as:

• Erectile dysfunction;
• Health problems;
• Stress; or
• Certain medications;

Tests and Diagnosis

Not only will the doctor wish to obtain a detail interview about the man’s sex life, but he or she will wish to know about the history of his health and will probably wish to conduct a general physical examination. The doctor may refer the patient to a urologist whose specialty lies within sexual dysfunction or, alternatively, to a professional in the mental health field in order to help determine a diagnosis.

If a man has premature ejaculation and also has difficulty either obtaining or maintaining an erection, the doctor will likely order a blood test to see if his testosterone levels are up to speed.

Treatments and Drugs

Options for treating premature ejaculation may include medications, sexual therapy and psychotherapy. Many men find that combining these treatments work best for them.

Sexual Therapy

Sexual therapy, in some instances, might involve several steps.

For instance, the man may wish to masturbate an hour or two prior to engaging in intercourse in order to be capable of delaying ejaculation while having sex.

The doctor might also recommend that he do not have sex for awhile, focusing on other kinds of sexual play in its stead so that there is no more pressure involved with his sexual encounters.

The Squeeze Technique

The doctor may suggest that a man and his partner use a certain method referred to as the “squeeze” technique, and it is performed as follows:

1. Begin the sexual activity as normal, which includes any stimulation of the man’s penis, until he feels that he is about to ejaculate.
2. When this happens, his partner should squeeze the penis where the head (glans) meets with the shaft, keeping a hold of the squeeze for several seconds, by which time the urge to ejaculate should pass.
3. Once the squeeze has been released, he should wait another 30 seconds before continuing on with foreplay. This step may cause the penis to become less erect than it was before, but upon the resuming of sexual stimulation, it will again return to its full erection.
4. If the need to ejaculate occurs again, the partner should repeat the process of squeezing.

This process should be repeated as often as necessary so that the man has reached a point of entering his partner without immediately ejaculating. After performing this for a few times, he should recognize the feeling of how to delay his ejaculating and the habit should develop without having to squeeze any longer.

Medications

There are some topical anesthetic creams and antidepressants that can be applied in order to treat premature ejaculation. Some are used for this purposes, although none of these drugs are specifically approved by the FDA to treat this condition. A man may have to try several medications before finding one that works best for him.

Antidepressants

One of the side effects of antidepressants is the delay of orgasm. For this reason, it is suggested that men who suffer from premature ejaculation may benefit from this particular side effect. However, other side effects may also include dry mouth, nausea, drowsiness and decreased libido.

Topical Anesthetic Creams

When a topic anesthetic cream has prilocaine or lidocaine in them, it may dull the sensation that a penis feels, which should effectively delay orgasm. It should be applied for a short while before intercourse and promptly removed once the penis has lost enough of its sensation in order to delay ejaculation.

Some studies have reported that some men felt less sexual pleasure because the sensitivity was lessened. Additionally, even though the cream is wiped off prior to intercourse, studies show some female partners feeling less sexual pleasure due to a reduced genital sensitivity themselves. In rare instances, prilocaine or lidocaine may cause allergic reactions.

Psychotherapy

This method of treatment involves talking to a professional of mental health about past relationships and past experiences. The purpose of the sessions is the reduce anxiety about performance or to find a better, more effective way to deal with stress and solving problems. Many couples may find that going to therapy together produces the best results for their relationship.

Alternative Medicine

Studies in recent times aimed to compare how effective yoga was versus fluoxetine (Prozac) when used for the treatment of premature ejaculation. The results of the study revealed that both treatments offered a similar improvement on how long the participants were able to have sex before they ejaculated. However, more research on this is needed.

Coping and Support

Many men who suffer from premature ejaculation often feel frustrated or even ashamed of their condition. It may help them when they discover that the problem is a common one and that treatment is generally very effective. Talk to a doctor if this is causing any distress with or without a partner.

While there are other treatment options to be explored, there are ways to lift the pressure on the sexual side of a relationship. Many doctors recommend that a man avoid having intercourse entirely for a short while and instead sharing other ways of physical pleasure and affection in its stead.

By connecting with a partner in this way, a physical and satisfying bond between partners can be re-established by removing the emphasis off intercourse, which should effectively cancel the concern with premature ejaculation, laying the foundation for a sexual relationship that is more fulfilling.

Prevention

It is possible for premature ejaculation to be caused by a lack of communication between two partners or not fully understanding how the sexual functioning of a man and a woman differ.

Women often need more stimulation for prolonged periods of time than men normally do, and it is this difference that is capable of causing some sexual resentment between a couple, not to mention adding more pressure to future sexual encounters. Many men experience premature ejaculation when they feel pressured during sexual intercourse.

Cracked Heels

Dry skin is a primary culprit of cracked heels. The body produces no oil in the palms of hands and on the bottom of the feet.

Therefore, the area remains dry most of the time. The feet require more care than other parts of the body in order to remain moisturized and free of cracks.

Today, most individuals engage in pedicures to remove dead skin and promote healthy skin. Regular cleaning and removal of the skin through various techniques will minimize the effects of cracked heels.

Individuals who do not use proper hygiene on their feet accumulate up to 30 times more skin in that area than on other parts of the body.

Heels are also more prone to cracking with age. Cracks or deep wounds may facilitate the development of infections. Calluses are thickened skin that may also form on the toes.

Where to Expect Foot Cracks

Though cracks in the skin may arise anywhere on the body, the most common is area is the rim of the heel and web of toes. This also happens to be the most frequently or constantly used part of the body. Dry skin and psoriasis are common causes of cracked heels.

Most foot problems arise due to neglect and oversight with regard to foot care. Cracked feet, corns and other common feet ailments are treatable and easily avoidable.

Avoid Infections

Cracked heels are not a harmful in anyway except when the fissures or cracks are deep. Over time, the cracks tend to become painful, and the skin begins to bleed.

This could lead to infection. This situation is avoidable. However, those already suffering from chronic ailments, such as diabetes or a low immune system, may experience more problems than people who have general good health.

Athlete’s Foot is also a common cause culprit of cracked heels.

There are several types of Athlete’s Foot that may contribute to cracked heels

• Toe Web Infection
• Moccasin Web Infection
• Vesicular Web Infection

Each of these common infections will be explained thoroughly in the causes section of this article.

Not only will attention to the feet reduce the chances of contracting Athlete’s Foot and other awful skin conditions, foot care may also release stress and remove toxins from the body.

Sufferers from arthritis, fatique and hyperglycemia may benefit from foot care, as well. Foot care will also enhance the person’s beauty. Most individuals become self conscious when attempting to wear sandals with cracked heels.

By maintaining proper moisture on the feet, individuals will feel confident about wearing sandals that expose the feet. Cracked heels will draw unwanted attention to feet and detract from an individual’s overall appearance. Podiatrists recommend focusing on the foot care each day or once per week to maintain a healthy appearance.

Alternative Names

Cracked heels are medically referred to as heel fissures. The wounds are linear and superficial in most instances. This becomes a problem when the cuts are deep into the dermis and become painful. Cracked heels may also indicate a zinc or omega-3 fatty acid deficiency.

Cracked heels may also occur due to Athlete’s Foot. Athlete’s Foot is often referred to as “tinea pedis.” This term describes an infection of the skin that may crack, scale, flake or itch. The infection is fungal and may also be referred to as the ringworm of the foot.

The fungus is in the Trichophyton family. Most individuals contract the fungus through the feet, but the disease may spread to other areas of the body. The fungus may also spread to the groin area. The fungus thrives in moist and damp areas.

Therefore, it is most often contracted in areas, such as showers or bathhouses, where people walk around barefoot. The best way to prevent Athlete’s Foot is through good hygiene. Pharmaceuticals and other treatments are available to cure the fungus once contracted.

Symptoms

Individuals suffering from cracked feet will notice small tiny lines in the feet. This marks the beginning of dry, cracked heels. In the case of Athlete’s Foot,

the symptoms may be any of the following

• Cracking
• Scaling
• Flaking
• Itching
• Splitting Skin
• Blisters

Individuals experiencing these symptoms should seek a physician or treat with an antibiotic. Several over the counter creams are available.

Other symptoms may be specific to the type of Athlete’s Foot contracted.

Some of the related symptoms to Athlete’s Foot are listed below

Toe Web Infection

When an individual contracts a toe web infection, then the skin will often turn moist or pale white. The feet may itch, burn, and develop an odor. As the condition worsens, the skin between the toes will crack, peel and become scaly.

If the condition gets even worse, a bacterial infection may also develop which may cause the skin to break down further. The skin may also blister or form a vesicular infection. The condition may spread to the lower leg. Most toe web infections will respond well to treatment.

Moccasin Web Infection

This type of infection begins with dryness, itching, burning, scaly skin, or minor irritation. Over time, the condition causes the skin to thicken and the heels to crack.

In some instances, toe nails may fall off after they become infected. Before the nail falls off, the nail will thicken and crumble. If the infection is persistent, it may often return if not treated. Good personal hygiene will prevent the disease from returning. Most of these infections are chronic and may be difficult to treat.

Vesicular Web Infection

These infections begin with an outbreak of blisters. The feet may suffer from inflammation and become red in appearance. Blisters may erupt again after the initial infection. Bacterial infections may develop if the condition is left untreated. This type of condition frequently develops when a toe web infection is left untreated. Blisters may also appear on the palms and fingers. These types of infections do respond well to treatment.

If the condition spreads to other parts of the body, the disease is no longer referred to as tinea pedis. The fungus will be called astinea corporis, which afflicts the body. Alternatively, if the fungus spreads to the groin area, it is referred to as, tinea cruris or “jock itch” or “dhobi itch.” Onychomycosis is the name of the fungus if it spreads to the toe nails.

Causes

Some individuals suffer dry, cracked heels due to poor hygiene. The person may not exfoliate daily or moisturize well enough.

Additionally, it could occur because the person is not drinking enough water. Each of these factors may contribute to dry, cracked heels.

Individuals are recommended to moisturize the feet with a heavy cream and scrub daily. Petroleum jelly or other moisture rich products designed specifically for the heels may help.

Cracked heels may also indicate a deficiency in zinc and omega-3 fatty acids.

Athlete’s Foot may be contracted from moist, damp areas, such as a bath house or shower. It may also be contracted by sharing towels or shoes with someone who has Athlete’s Foot. Tinea pedis develops in a variety of ways. The fungus may also be treated in a variety of ways. To determine the cause and treatment, identify the type of Athlete’s Foot the individual is experiencing.

Some of the most common types of Athlete’s Foot are listed below

• Toe Web Infection
• Moccasin Web Infection
• Vesicular Web Infection

Other causes include

• Psoriasis
• Eczema
• Thyroid Disease
• Diabetes
• Age
• Shoes that do not fit properly
• Climate-related dry skin
• Vitamin deficiency, such as minerals or zinc
• Standing for excessive periods of time
• Heels that drag or hang over the side of sandals

Risk Factors

In general, cracked heels do not pose any risk factors as long as an fungal infection has not developed. Untreated cracked or dry heels may lead to a variety of problems.

Some of these problems may include the following

• Development of a chronic fungal disease that is difficult to treat
• Deep wounds may develop and bleed
• Fungus may spread to undesirable places on the body, such as groin area and the lower extremities
• Infection may set into the open wounds
• May be an indicator for a low immune system
• Infections such as diabetes may increase the risk for cracked heels
• Walking barefoot, sharing towels, and showering in public places with no protection on the feet may increase the risk for contracting the fungus

Seniors and people who stand on their feet frequently are most at risk for cracked heels. The condition may affect both the heels or one heel depending upon the origin of the stressor. Those who frequently shower in public places or walk barefoot are at risk for Athlete’s Foot.

Prevention Tips

Athlete’s Foot is spread from person to person. Thus, the disease is considered communicable. Since the disease is caused by the parasitic fungus, Trichophyton, individuals should take extra precautions to avoid the disease. Because the disease is a fungus it can spread easily from the feet to other areas of the body. Good hygiene is always the first step of prevention.

To avoid contracting Athlete’s Foot or developing dry, cracked heels, individuals must take the following precautions

• Avoid walking barefoot in public areas
• Avoid taking showers in public areas without proper foot protection, such as shower shoes or flip flops
• Do not share towels with other individuals
• Do not share shoes with other individuals
• Moisturize the feet with a heavy cream daily
• Remove dead skin with an abrasive, such as a pumice stone, foot scrub, or loofah
• If you contract a fungal disease, use the medication or antibiotic for the prescribed period of time
• If the fungus is not cured after the medication, seek the help of a physician
• Wear shower shoes

To prevent fungal spread in the home, individuals should take the following precautions

• Spray the tub and bathrooms with disinfectants each use to avoid the spread of the fungus.
• Launder towels, sheets, socks, underwear and bed clothes in hot water to kill the fungus.
• Change towels and bedsheets at least once per week
• Do not share towels with other household members
• Use a separate towel when drying areas that are infected
• Wash feet between toes with soap and water
• Dry feet thoroughly after showering
• Treat feet and shoes with over the counter drugs

Other prevention tips

• Limit the amount of sweat on the feet
• Wear well ventilated shoes
• Keep feet dry
• Wear lightweight cotton socks to reduce sweat, moisture wicking polyester socks with anti-microbial properties are the best
• Wash socks in hot water
• Wear a different pair of shoes everyday to keep feet dry
• Replace sole inserts in sneakers frequently
• Replace old sneakers and exercise shoes
• Wash with a soap that contains an antimicrobial and antifungal agent
• Regularly soak feet in vinegar and water
• Change socks frequently
• Use foot powders and antiperspirants

In general, people who have a genetic predisposition to dry, cracked feet should exfoliate regularly to remove dead skin and calluses. Use creams with alpha or beta hydroxy acids. Alternatively, urea also helps to remove dead skin. Creams with dimethicone penetrate the epidermis. This provides a protective layer to the skin which seals in the moisture.

Smelly feet often accompany dry, cracked feet. Smelly feet are not attractive. There are over 250,000 sweat glands in each foot that contribute to sweat and smelly feet. According to physician, Issac Tabari, smell is caused by “bacterial decomposition of excessive perspiration.” Companies have developed sprays and foot pads to combat sweating and odor.

Some of the popular drugs that assist with this common problem are as follows

• Dimethicone : Decreases moisture, sweat and therefore, fights Athlete’s Foot
• Triclosan: Eliminates odor causing bacteria through an antibacterial agent
• Chlorhexidine digluconate: Eliminates odor causing germs through an antibacterial agent
• Grillocin: Neutralizes foot odor
• Menthol: Masks odor through a cooling agent

Test and Diagnosis considerations

Athlete’s Foot can be diagnosed by a physician, dermatologist, pharmacist, or general practitioner. During diagnosis, the physician will physically inspect the skin to determine the cause of the cracked, dry skin. If the physician suspects the condition may be eczema or psoriasis, the physician may inspect the skin under a microscope with a potassium hydroxide mixture.

This test is often referred to as the KOH test. The physician will scrape the affected areas of the skin and inspect them under the microscope. The test usually yields an excellent positive predictive value. A biopsy may also be taken in order to evaluate for histological examination.

Treatment Options

Herbal and Home Remedies

• Apply cracked creams on your heels and drink a plethora of water.
• Eat foods rich in Vitamin E: Cereals, green vegetables, nuts, wheat germ, and nuts
• Eat food with Calcium and Iron: Yogurt, ice cream, meat, chicken and fish
• Eat foods rich in Zinc: Oysters, chicken, kidney beans, yogurt, crab
• Eat food rich in Omega-3 fatty acids: Fish, flaxseed oils

Tea tree oil may provide relief from itching. This is primarily due to its relation in the histamine response.

However, the treatment of Athlete’s Foot with tea tree oil has not been proven to entirely relieve symptoms. Further studies are being conducted to determine the evidence conclusively.

Onion extract has been proven to be effective in conditions against the Trichophyton fungus. A 3 percent solution is the recommended concentration of the onion extract. Ajoene is a compound found in garlic. The popular compound is often used to treat Athlete’s Foot. Boric acid is often applied in socks to prevent Athlete’s Foot. The treatment is effective for recurring infections.

Additional Treatment Options

Putting baking soda on the feet or sprinkling baking soda in the shoes changes the pH and alleviates symptoms associated with dry, cracked heels. Baking soda also eliminates odor. Epson salts will also soothe the feet if several tablespoons are applied to warm water. The salt will also loosen the dead skin and aid in the removal of dead skin.

Ionic foot spa is purported to remove toxins from the body. This is accomplished through electrolysis that removes toxins from the body by opening pores. The toxins are released into the water. Apply a banana to the dry or cracked area of the heel. Leave the substance on for 10 minutes and rinse. Soak feet in lemon juice weekly for 10 minutes until the feet are smooth.

Each day soak the feet in warm and soapy water. Then apply Vaseline and the juice of a lemon. Allow the mixture to absorb overnight while wearing socks. Apply glycerin and rose water daily.

Pharmaceutical

Severe fungal infections may require that individuals take oral anti-fungal medication in order to alleviate or cure the symptoms. The most common ingredients in prescription anti-fungal drugs include ketaconazole, itraconazole, naftifine, and nystatin.

Topical ointments may come in the form of a spray, powder, cream or gel. Most of the over-the-counter drugs contain miconazole nitrate in a 2 percent concentration and tolnaftate in a 1 percent concentration. Terbinafine is also a common over-the-counter drug. Zinc oxide based diaper rash ointment may also alleviate the symptoms. Talcum powder may also absorb moisture to fight infection.

Those who desire a topical treatment should not simply select an anti-itch ointment. These ointments may promote moisture and exacerbate the condition. Experts recommend the use of gels instead of creams for application of topical treatments. Lamisil and naftin both are available in a gel that penetrates the skin more rapidly than creams.

Resources

EverydayHealth.Com

Diabetes.WebMd.Com

MedicineNet.Com